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Mendocino County wine
The Mendocino County wine is an appellation that designates wine made from grapes grown mostly in Mendocino County, California. The region is part of the larger North Coast AVA and one of California's largest and most climatically diverse wine growing regions.〔 J. Robinson (ed) ''"The Oxford Companion to Wine"'' Third Edition pg 436 Oxford University Press 2006 ISBN 0-19-860990-6〕 Mendocino County is one of the northernmost commercial wine grape regions in the state with two distinct climate zones separated by the Mendocino Range. Ten American Viticultural Areas have been designated within Mendocino County.〔 H. Johnson & J. Robinson ''The World Atlas of Wine'' pg 272 Mitchell Beazley Publishing 2005 ISBN 1-84000-332-4 〕 Mendocino is one of the leading wine growing regions for organically produced wine grapes. Nearly 25% of the acreage in Mendocino County is grown organically.〔〔M. Geniella ''"(Mendocino County: Home of Organic Wines )"''The Press Democrat, November 2006〕 In 2004, the residents of the county voted to become the first GMO-free county in the United States in an initiative that was supported by many of the county's largest wineries.〔D. Kufper ''"(GMO = Get Monsanto Out )"'' Alternet News, March 3rd, 2004 〕 The county's widespread focus on organic viticulture has inspired journalists to describe it as "California's organic wine Mecca".〔R. Killen ''"(Organic wine category grows naturally )"'' Knox News, Feb. 28th, 2008〕
==History==
The name "Mendocino" comes from the family name of Mendoza in honor of the 16th century Spanish explorer Lorenzo Suárez de Mendoza, 4th conde de la Coruña who explored the Mendocino coast line and his cousin, Antonio de Mendoza the first viceroy of New Spain. The first vineyards in Mendocino were established in the 1850s in the Redwood Valley by returning farmers who failed to find their wealth and prosperity during the California Gold Rush. Most of these winery operations stayed small and were completely eradicated by the enactment of Prohibition in the United States in the early 20th century. With the commercial production of wine banned, vineyards were ripped out and replaced with tree nut and fruit orchards.〔 K. MacNeil ''The Wine Bible'' pg 682-685 Workman Publishing 2001 ISBN 1-56305-434-5〕
The oldest continually operating commercial winery in Mendocino County is Parducci Wines founded in 1931 while Prohibition was still in place. Parducci remained the only commercial winery in Mendocino until the late 1960s.〔 Part of this was due to the relative isolation of the region from the major wine market and business center of San Francisco (more than a 100 miles/160 km to the south), which was so pivotal to the development of the wine industries in nearby Napa and Sonoma County.〔 In 1968, Fetzer Vineyards was founded and would eventually grow to be the largest wine producers in the county.〔 A. Domine (ed) ''Wine'' pg 815 Ullmann Publishing 2008 ISBN 978-3-8331-4611-4〕 Fetzer would also become a leader in steering the viticultural practices of the county towards more sustainable agriculture and organic wine production.〔 Today nearly 25% of all the vineyards in the Mendocino County are certified organic by the California Certified Organic Farmers-the largest percentage of any county in the state of California.〔〔T. Klkjer ''"(Interlocking ambitions / Mendocino County's Eaglepoint Ranch is run by agrarian idealists )"'' San Francisco Chronicle pg 2 of 6, October 27th, 2005 〕
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